Emission Types
Contents
An emission designator
An emission designator utilizes a seven-character “word” to represent the bandwidth, modulation, nature of signal, and type of information transmitted by a particular radio. The emission designator is required in most FCC radio applications.
An emission designator consists of seven characters as follows:
· The first four characters identify the necessary bandwidth required to transmit the desired
information at the rate and with the quality required for the system employed;
· The fifth character identifies the type of modulation of the main carrier;
· The sixth character identifies the nature of signal(s) modulating the main carrier;
· The seventh character identifies the type of information to be transmitted.
Necessary Bandwidth
Necessary Bandwidth – First Four Characters The necessary bandwidth is to be expressed using three numerals and one letter. The letter occupies the position of the decimal point and represents the unit of bandwidth. The first character can be neither zero, K, M, nor G; it must be a non-zero digit or H. The necessary bandwidths must be rounded to three significant digits. The rounded value of the necessary bandwidth must follow the syntax below: · between 0.00100 and 999 Hz shall be expressed in Hz (letter H); · between 1.00 and 999 kHz shall be expressed in kHz (letter K); · between 1.00 and 999 MHz shall be expressed in MHz (letter M); · between 1.00 and 999 GHz shall be expressed in GHz (letter G).
Examples:
| Frequency | Bandwidth
Designator |
|---|---|
| 0.002 Hz | H002 |
| 0.1 Hz | H100 |
| 25.3 Hz | 25H3 |
| 400 Hz | 400H |
| 2.4 kHz | 2K40 |
| 6 kHz | 6K00 |
| 12.5 kHz | 12K5 |
| 180.4 kHz | 180K |
| 180.5 kHz | 181K |
| 180.7 kHz | 181K |
| 1.25 MHz | 1M25 |
| 2 MHz | 2M00 |
| 10 MHz | 10M0 |
| 202 MHz | 202M |
| 5.65 GHz | 5G65 |
Modulation Types (5th Character)
| Description | Symbol |
|---|---|
| Emission of an unmodulated carrier | N |
| Emission in which the main carrier is amplitude-modulated (including cases where sub-carriers are angle-modulated): | |
| Double-sideband | A |
| Single-sideband, full carrier | H |
| Single-sideband, reduced or variable level carrier | R |
| Single-sideband, suppressed carrier | J |
| Independent sidebands | B |
| Vestigial sideband | C |
| Emission in which the main carrier is angle-modulated: | |
| Frequency modulation | F |
| Phase modulation | G |
| Emission in which the main carrier is amplitude and angle-modulated either simultaneously or in a pre-established sequence | D |
| Emission of pulses: (see note below) | |
| Sequence of unmodulated pulses | P |
| A sequence of pulses: | |
| Modulated in amplitude | K |
| Modulated in width/duration | L |
| Modulated in position/phase | |
| In which the carrier is angle-modulated during the period of the pulse | Q |
| Which is a combination of the foregoing or is produced by other means | V |
| Cases not covered above, in which an emission consists of the main carrier
modulated, either simultaneously or in pre-established sequence, in a combination of two or more of the following modes: amplitude, angle, pulse |
W |
| Cases not otherwise covered | X |
NOTE: Whenever frequency modulation "F" is indicated, Phase modulation "G" is also acceptable. Emissions where the main carrier is directly modulated by a signal which has been coded into quantized form (e.g. pulse code modulation) should be designated under amplitude modulation or angle modulation.